Newly published Michigan State University research details how switchgrass, a biofuel crop, can mitigate effects of climate change when grown on marginal land — agricultural land of little value. For farmers, it may also provide a chance to see economic returns in these otherwise unproductive spaces.
Managing marginal ground can be a challenge, but Tennessee farmer Perry Philpott is turning his over to water-efficient, drought-resistant switchgrass to provide biomass for a new market for agricultural pulp.
USDA researchers in North Dakota say recent studies show benefits to having perennials and annuals in a rotation, and that no-till is the best implementation tool.
Corn and soybeans have been the main crop sources for producing energy fuels, such as ethanol, biodiesel and biomass. But in the quest for the most efficient energy feedstocks, perennial grasses like switchgrass and miscanthus, oilseeds like camelina, and short-rotation woody crops such as hybrid poplars are beginning to emerge as viable energy crops for U.S. farmers.
Giant miscanthus, which is a perennial warm-season grass from Asia, is garnering attention across the Midwest because of its high biomass output, its potential for conversion to ethanol and its adaptability to many different soil types.
The only thing pulling a plow through former Conservation Reserve Program acres accomplishes is erasing more than a decade of benefits, say no-tillers who have transitioned from CRP to no-till crop production.
Switchgrass grown for biofuel can produce 540% more energy than needed to grow, harvest and process into cellulosic ethanol, according to estimates from a large on-farm study conducted by researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
No-tillers have a stake in the production of ethanol. Currently, most ethanol is produced from corn, which has driven up demand and prices. But the consensus among researchers is that corn grain eventually will be replaced by other raw materials, possibly including crop residue, which could a revenue source for no-tillers.
Researchers in Tennessee are looking at the feasibility of no-tilling switchgrass, a warm-season perennial that can grow up to 7 feet in height, as raw material for biofuels and an alternative to corn-based ethanol.
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Franck Groeneweg, who no-tills a variety of crops on more than 12,000 acres near Three Forks, Mont., shares how his massive Johnson-Su bioreactor system allows him to apply compost extract in furrow during planting season.
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